What action do mydriatic agents primarily cause?

Mydriatic agents are primarily used to induce pupil dilation, a process known as mydriasis. These agents work by relaxing the iris sphincter muscle or stimulating the dilator muscle, which allows the pupil to widen. The dilation of the pupil is crucial during various ophthalmic examinations, as it provides better visibility of the internal structures of the eye, including the retina and optic nerve.

This action of mydriatic agents contrasts sharply with pupil constriction, which is associated with miotic agents that specifically target the iris sphincter to decrease the size of the pupil. Additionally, mydriatics do not play a role in eye lubrication or in reducing intraocular pressure; those functions are associated with other types of medications or treatments. Understanding the specific action of mydriatics is essential for anyone working in the ophthalmic field, as it directly relates to the procedures and treatments conducted during eye examinations.